@Oringmonkey 

When you have the USB adapter connected to the laptop, what is the link speed? Is it somewhat the same link speed when it is connected to your desktop?

Were all ports tested on the laptop?

Also, if the laptop already has an internal wireless card that may be getting in the way. I would look to disable that, however, be sure you are comfortable doing that or know how to do that so you do not end up with a permanently disabled Wi-Fi card.

Another thing, if the laptop was also giving 100 Mbps before the USB adapter, and you see that even with this USB adapter then there is another variable. 

@Tony 

Thanks for the response.  I did some testing this morning before going to sleep

1)  Tested on desktop - Was hitting 450 Mbps

2)  Tested on wife's desktop - Hit 450 Mbps

3)  Tested with different cables too - Hit 450 Mbps on both desktops, but only 100 Mbps on laptop

I've come to the conclusion that somehow the USB 3.0 on the laptop isn't USB 3.0 although it has the SS symbol. Maybe something with the laptop USB drivers or Windows 10?  This sucks.  The laptop came with a 10/100 wireless -_-

@Oringmonkey 

Look at the network adapter connection when the USB adapter is connected to your laptop. I think what may be happening is even though you have the adapter connected your laptop is still using the 10/100 wireless card when connecting to your wireless network.

@Tony 

Nope, made sure I disabled the wifi card.   Something probably with Windows 10 on the laptop...

@Oringmonkey 

The last thing I would probably try is to boot the laptop in safe mode with networking to see if maybe some software is causing it.